Voir le voir

John Berger

  • First published 1972
  • 168 pages
  • French
  • Classic
Based on the landmark BBC television series, this book begins with a simple premise: seeing comes before words. Yet, the act of seeing is not as natural or neutral as we might believe. John Berger argues that our perception is governed by a lifetime of learned assumptions about beauty, truth, status, and gender. He reveals how the way we see art has been historically manipulated by a privileged few to reinforce their own power, turning cultural artifacts into objects of mystification. The book dismantles the authority of traditional art criticism and invites the viewer to look at images with their own eyes.

Through a series of incisive written and visual essays, Ways of Seeing explores the hidden ideologies within Western culture. It investigates everything from the tradition of the European oil painting and its relation to property ownership, to the depiction of women as objects for the male gaze, to the way modern advertising appropriates the language of art to create consumer desire. This is not simply a book about art history; it is an invitation to become a more critical and conscious viewer of the images that surround us every day. It provides the tools to question why we see as we do, fundamentally changing your relationship with all visual culture.
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Reviews for this book highlight its significant impact and groundbreaking approach to art criticism. Many readers praise its ability to challenge conventional ways of seeing art, democratizing appreciation by cutting through perceived academic mystification. The book is frequently lauded for its insightful analysis of the history and purpose of oil painting, examining how images convey meaning and manipulate perception. A particularly strong point is its exploration of how women are depicted in art, delving into themes of the male gaze, the distinction between nakedness and nudity, and societal expectations. Additionally, the critique of advertising's relationship to art, and its role in shaping desires and perceptions, is consistently found to be thought-provoking and surprisingly relevant decades after publication. Reviewers often commend its clear, accessible prose and innovative mix of textual and pictorial essays, making complex theoretical ideas digestible for a wide audience.

However, the book also draws considerable criticism, particularly regarding its physical presentation. Numerous reviewers express frustration with the small, often unreadable bold font and the poor-quality, black-and-white reproductions of images, which many feel undermine the book's visual arguments and its message of accessibility. Content-wise, some readers find the analysis overly simplistic, one-dimensional, or derivative of earlier thinkers, with certain arguments perceived as reductionist or flawed. Specific criticisms include generalizations about the female experience, perceived omissions of certain art historical contexts like 20th-century or non-Western art, and a discomfort with religious art. The book's strong Marxist interpretation of art and capitalism is sometimes viewed as dated or overly polemical, leading to a tone that some find smug or dismissive of artistic intent.

Despite these contrasting views, the book is widely considered an indispensable and thought-provoking work that remains highly relevant today, especially in its discussions of gender and advertising. It is celebrated for encouraging readers to question established interpretations of art and to consider its broader social, economic, and political implications. The book serves as an excellent introduction to critical theory and art analysis for those new to the subject. It is best suited for art lovers, students, and anyone interested in the intersection of art, gender studies, capitalism, and media, particularly those seeking a foundational text to challenge their perceptions of visual culture.

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This edition
Editions B42, 2014
ISBN
9782917855508
Language
French
Original edition Originally published in 1972 · English · Pelican Books

Other editions (71)